Vitamin D Deficiency (Part 2) | Hyperparathyroidism, Clinical Features (ex. Osteoporosis), Diagnosis, Treatment

This is part 2 in a series on Vitamin D deficiency. In this lesson, we continue with our discussion on Vitamin D deficiency, including hypocalcemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism, clinical features including myalgias & arthralgias, and complications like rickets and osteoporosis. We also discuss methods to diagnose (mild, moderate and severe vitamin D deficiency), and ways to treat it.

This is a very complex topic that definitely requires more discussion! Again, I’m not entirely satisfied with this lesson, so please let me know if you found it helpful!

References (StatPearls, 2020):
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532266/

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**MEDICAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY, and information presented here is NOT TO BE USED as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal.

Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

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Check out some of my other lessons.

Medical Terminology – The Basics – Lesson 1:

Infectious Disease Playlist

Dermatology Playlist

Pharmacology Playlist

Hematology Playlist

Rheumatology Playlist

Endocrinology Playlist

Nephrology Playlist

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*Although I try my best to present accurate information, there may be mistakes in this video. If you do see any mistakes with information in this lesson, please comment and let me know.*
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Chapters

0:00 Introduction
1:58 Causes of Bone Cancer
2:26 Symptoms of Bone Cancer
2:45 Diagnosis of Bone Cancer
4:13 Treatment of Bone Cancer

A bone tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue in bone, traditionally classified as noncancerous (benign) or cancerous (malignant).[1][4] Cancerous bone tumors usually originate from a cancer in another part of the body such as from lung, breast, thyroid, kidney and prostate.[1] There may be a lump, pain, or neurological signs from pressure.[1] A bone tumor might present with a pathologic fracture.[1] Other symptoms may include fatigue, fever, weight loss, anemia and nausea.[2][3] Sometimes there are no symptoms and the tumour is found when investigating another problem.[2][3]

Diagnosis is generally by X-ray and other radiological tests such as CT scan, MRI, PET scan and bone scintigraphy.[1] Blood tests might include a complete blood count, inflammatory markers, serum electrophoresis, PSA, kidney function and liver function.[1] Urine may be sent for Bence Jones protein.[1] For confirmation of diagnosis, a biopsy for histological evaluation might be required.[1]

The most common bone tumor is a non-ossifying fibroma.[4] Average five-year survival in the United States after being diagnosed with bone and joint cancer is 67%.[5] The earliest known bone tumor was an osteosarcoma in a foot bone discovered in South Africa, between 1.6 and 1.8 million years ago.[6]

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Panic attacks are often described as feeling like dying followed by intense fear that it will
happen again. Learn about symptoms and how to manage future panic attacks. Expand the description to find a list of free, 24/7 hotlines, and text lines below.

#PanicAttacks #Anxiety #MentalHealth

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Learning about mental health is crucial for us all to imagine a better future for everyone. Psych Hub’s Mental Health Ally Certification learning hubs will help you become an important steward of your wellbeing and that of your loved ones. Start learning here: www.psychhub.com

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Psych Hub is an educational service, and the information in this video is not a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis, or treatment. If you or someone you know are experiencing what you believe are mental health symptoms, please consult with a trained medical professional or a licensed mental health provider. We recommend consulting with a licensed behavioral health provider before trying any of the strategies mentioned in our materials.

If you or someone you know is in immediate danger, please call 911. For information on how to find support and treatment, and hotlines for specific issues and audiences, visit PsychHub.com/Hotline.

If you or someone you know are having thoughts of suicide or self-harm or are experiencing a mental health crisis, please call a national 24/7 hotline. For United States residents, those are:

National Suicide Prevention Lifeline
For anyone experiencing a mental health crisis.
AVAILABILITY: 24/7/365
PHONE NUMBERS:
Primary line: 1-800-273-8255
Ayuda en Español: 1-888-628-9454
Video relay service: 800-273-8255
TTY: 800-799-4889
Voice/Caption Phone: 800-273-8255
ONLINE CHAT: suicidepreventionlifeline.org/chat/
WEBSITE: suicidepreventionlifeline.org/

Crisis Text Line
For anyone experiencing a mental health crisis.
AVAILABILITY: 24/7/365
TEXT NUMBER:
US & Canada: Text HOME to 741741
UK: Text 85258
Ireland: Text 086 1800 280
WEBSITE: crisistextline.org

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Tension Headaches | Triggers, Risk Factors, Signs & Symptoms, Types, Diagnosis, Treatment

Tension Headaches (also known as stress headaches and tension-type headaches) are very common headaches that lead to mild-moderate bilateral head pain. Tension Headaches can be triggered by a variety of factors including sleep deprivation, dehydration and stress. Tension Headaches differ from migraine headaches in many ways including that tension headaches are bilateral, do not have associated nausea/vomiting and do not have a prodrome. In this lesson, we discuss all the triggers, risk factors, signs and symptoms, how they are diagnosed and how they are treated.

I hope you find this lesson helpful. If you do, please like and subscribe for more lessons like this one!

JJ

**MEDICAL LEGAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for educational purposes ONLY, and information presented here is not to be used as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal. Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

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*Check Out Some of My Other Lessons*

Medical Terminology – The Basics – Lesson 1:

Infectious Disease Playlist

Dermatology Playlist

Pharmacology Playlist

Hematology Playlist

Rheumatology Playlist

Endocrinology Playlist

Nephrology Playlist

Fatty Acid Synthesis Pathway:

Wnt/B Catenin Signaling Pathway:

Upper vs. Lower Motor Neuron Lesions:

Lesson on the Purine Synthesis and Salvage Pathway:

Gastrulation | Formation of Germ Layers:

Introductory lesson on Autophagy (Macroautophagy):

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Five million people in the U.S experience at least one migraine attack per month. Dr. Patricia Feito, Family Medicine Physician at Baptist Health Primary Care, says the biggest trigger is stress. “We can’t deny that obesity and being overweight are conditions that trigger migraines but stress is an utmost primary thing that we look at when we’re dealing with migraine triggers,” she explains.

She points out a migraine is a headache, it is an intense throbbing symptom that occurs in areas of the brain and it has a lot to do with electrical conduction of the brain attached to vascular circulation, causing either constriction or dilation.
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This video is intended for use in United Kingdom. It is for general information only with no warranties, representations or undertakings, express or implied, and do not constitute medical advice. It may refer to products not yet registered or approved in a given country. Visit uk.clearblue.com for products available in your country. © 2020

https://uk.clearblue.com/am-i-pregnant/early-pregnancy-symptoms

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Appendicitis Signs & Symptoms | & Why They Occur

Appendicitis is a condition involving inflammation of the appendix. Appendicitis occurs due to blockage of the appendiceal lumen, which leads to bacterial overgrowth or proliferation within the appendix, ultimately leading to an inflamed and enlarged appendix. As the appendix becomes more and more enlarged and inflamed, it begins to cause a variety of symptoms, which we will discuss in this lesson.

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**MEDICAL LEGAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY, and information presented here is NOT TO BE USED as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal.

Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

EXCLAIMER: The content used in this lesson is used in accordance with Fair Use laws and is intended for educational purposes only.

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I hope you find this lesson helpful. If you do, please consider liking, subscribing and clicking the notification bell to help support the channel and stay up-to-date on future lessons.

JJ

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*Check Out Some of My Other Lessons*

Medical Terminology – The Basics – Lesson 1:

Infectious Disease Playlist

Dermatology Playlist

Pharmacology Playlist

Hematology Playlist

Rheumatology Playlist

Endocrinology Playlist

Nephrology Playlist

Fatty Acid Synthesis Pathway:

Wnt/B Catenin Signaling Pathway:

Upper vs. Lower Motor Neuron Lesions:

Lesson on the Purine Synthesis and Salvage Pathway:

Gastrulation | Formation of Germ Layers:

Introductory lesson on Autophagy (Macroautophagy):

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I am always looking for ways to improve my lessons! Please don’t hesitate to leave me feedback and comments – all of your feedback is greatly appreciated! 🙂 And please don’t hesitate to send me any messages if you need any help – I will try my best to be here to help you guys 🙂

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DISCLAIMER: This video is for educational purposes only and information in this lesson SHOULD NOT be used for medical purposes alone. Although I try my best to present accurate information, there may be mistakes in this video. If you do see any mistakes with information in this lesson, please comment and let me know.
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Iron-Deficiency Anemia Signs & Symptoms (ex. Fatigue, “Spoon Nails”, Cracked Lips)

Lesson on the Signs & Symptoms of Iron-Deficiency Anemia (and Anemia in general), including fatigue, depression, nail changes, cracked lips etc. Anemia is a condition with low hemoglobin levels, and iron-deficiency anemia is an anemia due to deficiency (low levels) of iron. Hemoglobin is responsible and necessary for oxygen delivery, so in a condition with low hemoglobin, oxygen delivery is impaired and leads to a host of different signs and symptoms. Iron-deficiency anemia can lead to more specific signs and symptoms, which we discuss in this lesson.

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JJ

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EXCLAIMER: The content used in this lesson is used in accordance with Fair Use laws and is intended for educational purposes only.

**MEDICAL DISCLAIMER**: JJ Medicine does not provide medical advice, and the information available on this channel does not offer a diagnosis or advice regarding treatment. Information presented in these lessons is for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY, and information presented here is NOT TO BE USED as an alternative to a healthcare professional’s diagnosis and treatment of any person/animal.

Only a physician or other licensed healthcare professional are able to determine the requirement for medical assistance to be given to a patient. Please seek the advice of your physician or other licensed healthcare provider if you have any questions regarding a medical condition.

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Check out some of my other lessons.

Medical Terminology – The Basics – Lesson 1:

Infectious Disease Playlist

Dermatology Playlist

Pharmacology Playlist

Hematology Playlist

Rheumatology Playlist

Endocrinology Playlist

Nephrology Playlist

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*Although I try my best to present accurate information, there may be mistakes in this video. If you do see any mistakes with information in this lesson, please comment and let me know.*
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We wish everyone safe and healthy during the outbreak of COVID-19. Stay strong and safe at this time! Have you been neglecting your mental health due to the news regarding the COVID-19 outbreak? This stress may take a toll on your health.

What is stress? And what are the physical and emotional signs of stress? When it comes to dealing with stress and stress management, it’s important to recognize the signs first. Listen to your body. It gives many signals that show you it’s time to destress. Sometimes you may think you’re not stressed, but your body can tell you otherwise!

#stress #dealingwithstress

Related Videos:
7 Signs of Emotional Burnout

6 Signs You Are Emotionally And Mentally Exhausted

Stress Meditation Video:

Calming Relaxing Anxiety-Free Frequency:

Credits
Script Writer: Winnie Chen – https://www.instagram.com/bitsofpsychology/
Story Board: Winnie Chen
VO: Amanda Silvera
Animator: Ben Carswell
YouTube Manager: Cindy Cheong

Citations:

Drake, C. L., Pillai, V., & Roth, T. (2014, August 1). Stress and sleep reactivity: a prospective investigation of the stress-diathesis model of insomnia. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4096198/.

Hammen, C., Kim, E. Y., Eberhart, N. K., & Brennan, P. A. (2009). Chronic and acute stress and the prediction of major depression in women. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19496077.

How stress affects your body and behavior. (2019, April 4). Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/stress-management/in-depth/stress-symptoms/art-20050987.

Kandiah, J., Yake, M., Jones, J., & Meyer, M. (2006, May 18). Stress influences appetite and comfort food preferences in college women. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0271531705002836.

Link, R. (2018, January 7). 11 Signs and Symptoms of Too Much Stress. Retrieved from https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/symptoms-of-stress.

Stress Symptoms: Physical Effects of Stress on the Body. (2019, August 1). Retrieved from https://www.webmd.com/balance/stress-management/stress-symptoms-effects_of-stress-on-the-body.

Ursin, H. (2012). Psychobiology of Stress A Study of Coping Men. Burlington: Elsevier Science.
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Famous Physical Therapists Bob Schrupp and Brad Heineck demonstrate 3 signs that you may have a stress fracture in your shin bone or tibia (instead of shin splints).

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DAY TO DAY SYMPTOMS OF COVID-19
Before proceeding, please note that this general overview is compiled for initial self-assessment only and may vary for each individual. If you’re not feeling well, you should immediately consult a medical practitioner to have an accurate diagnosis and proper treatment of COVID-19.
The typical daily symptoms are concluded from the study of 138 patients at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University and another study involving 135 patients from Jinyintan Hospital and 56 patients from Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital.
These symptoms are broken down into:
DAY 1 TO DAY 2
The beginning symptoms are similar to the common cold with a mild sore throat and neither having a fever nor feeling tired. Patients can still consume food and drink as usual.
DAY 3
The patient’s throats start to feel a bit painful. Body temperature reads at around 36.5° celsius. Although it’s uncommon, other symptoms like mild nausea, vomiting or mild diarrhea are possible to set in.
DAY 4
Throat pain becomes more serious. Other symptoms like feeling weak and joint pain start to manifest. The patient may show a temperature reading between 36.5° to 37° celsius.
DAY 5 TO 6
Mild fever starts. The patients show a temperature reading above 37.2° celsius. The second most common symptom, dry cough, also appears. Dyspnea or breathing difficulty may occur occasionally. Most patients in this stage are easily feeling tired. Other symptoms remain about the same. These four symptoms are among the top five key indications of COVID-19 according to the final report of the initial outbreak conducted by the joint mission of China and WHO.
DAY 7
The patients that haven’t started recovering by day 7 get more serious coughs and breathing difficulty. Fever can get higher up to 38° celsius. Patients may develop further headache and body pain or worsening diarrhea if there’s any. Many patients are admitted to the hospital at this stage.
DAY 8 TO 9
On the 8th day, the symptoms are likely to be worsened for the patient who has coexisting medical conditions. Severe shortness of breath becomes more frequent. Temperature reading goes well above 38°. In one of the studies, day 9 is the average time when Sepsis starts to affect 40% of the patients.
DAY 10 TO 11
Doctors are ordering imaging tests like chest x-ray to capture the severity of respiratory distress in patients. Patients are having loss of appetite and may be facing abdominal pain. The condition also needs immediate treatment in ICU.
DAY 12 TO 14
For the survivors, the symptoms can be well-managed at this point. Fever tends to get better and breathing difficulties may start to cease on day 13. But Some patients may still be affected by mild cough even after hospital discharge.
DAY 15 TO 16
Day 15 is the opposite condition for the rest of the minority patients . The fragile group must prepare for the possibility of acute cardiac injury or kidney injury.
DAY 17 TO 19
COVID-19 fatality cases happen at around day 18. Before the time, vulnerable patients may develop a secondary infection caused by a new pathogen in the lower respiratory tract. The severe condition may then lead to a blood coagulation and ischemia.
DAY 20 TO 22
The surviving patients are recovered completely from the disease and are discharged from the hospital.

Primary sources:

https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/who-china-joint-mission-on-covid-19-final-report.pdf

https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)30566-3/fulltext

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2761044

#Coronavirus #WuhanCoronavirus #SignsandSymptomsCoronavirus #StayHome
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